A RESEARCH PHRASING ENGLISH USED AND DIALECTS
PHRASING ENGLISH USED AND DIALECTS
(British English and American English)
I. Introduction
An article of the same subject on both website - BBC news and New-York Times, it found out that the phrasing English between British English and American English in writing newspaper revealed some minor differences language in writing structure and in dialects speaking way in daily conversation. From here, the language researchers stated that the English lost it cultural monopoly role of those who speak English, instead it sets the cultural difference in the world. The American English writing and speaking are so simple, practical, contemporary. British English writing and speaking are so evolving, diluted, short and very practical.
II. The difference American English and British English
1. Language used in the news
The difference American English and British English
American English
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Britain Details Radical Cuts in Spending
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490,000 public sector jobs would be lost over the four-year
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Mr. Osborne said the authorities planned to save
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public sector jobs
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Disability allowance
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2. Popular Expressions English terminology:
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American
Watch the steps
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Get in line
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The economy is down … Then picking up
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Subway
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3. Daily Conversation
· Since UK has a long tradition and culture, the British English is purely polite. While United States was a new land of opportunity composed of a multi-culture and multi-nationals. The productivity is a number one priority in the US, people tend to shorten and go directly to the subject in their conversation. Therefore they could not keep up the traditional pace of expressions as in the U.K. Their language is so evolving, diluted, short and very practical. For example:
Ø Telephone conversation in UK:
§ Can I speak to Mr. John ,please?
Ø The same telephone conversation if you are in the US:
§ Can I speak to Mr. John?
· The American English is so simple, practical, contemporary. For example:
Ø Your boss asks you to set up a meeting, he will ask you in the U.K:
§ Can you schedule a meeting tomorrow?
Ø And in the US:
§ Can you book a meeting through the Outlook?
4. Business writing
In business writing it is also different. The letter often begins with
“Dear Sir or Dear Ladies. We have a great honor to do business with your company…..” while in US they tend to write as ” Ladies and Gentlemen. We have a great pleasure to deal/cooperate/work with your company…..”
5. The phonetic and phonology
American English
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British English
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Director [d ɪˈrek.tər ]
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Director [da ɪˈrek.tər ]
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Later [lā′-t ̬ər]
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Later [ˈleɪ.tər]
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Evolution [ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən]
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Evolution [ev.ə-ˈluː.ʃən]
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Garage [ ɡəˈrɑ(d)ʒ]
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Garage [ ˈɡærɪdʒ]
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Smile [smīl]
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Smile [smaɪl]
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Beside factors grammar, phonetic, other factors which concern to the difference as English dictionary there are 62,000 words while more than 75,000 of American English due to a lot of new and contemporary words added in American language such as:
§ I am googling/I am searching in the Internet
§ Please copy me/Please repeat after me
In average, the culture influences the difference in writing and speaking way between British English and American English .
Written forms of American and British English as found in newspapers and textbooks vary little in their essential features, with only occasional noticeable differences in comparable media (comparing American newspapers with British newspapers). This kind of formal English, particularly written English, is often called 'standard English'. An unofficial standard for spoken American English has also developed, as a result of mass media and geographic and social mobility, and broadly describes the English typically heard from network newscasters, commonly referred to as non-regional diction, although local newscasters tend toward more parochial forms of speech.
It is not only dialects in United states but it happens in England also, British English is the form of English used in the United Kingdom. It includes all English dialects used within the United Kingdom, American English is the form of English used in the United States. It includes all English dialects used within the United States.
The difference as vocabulary is small problem and not influence towards misunderstanding for American and British, more than 99 % is understand to American and British. In England, there are many programs, sons on television from American broadcasting. That American English is acquainted to British. Contrary to American, they not use to watch TV from British broadcasting.
In addition, English dialects in England is a factor, not all people can speak English as James Bond. Some intonations in all areas in England that we not often hear on radio or on Television.
III. Discussion
It takes virtually the same form regardless of where it is written, in contrast to spoken English, which differs significantly between dialects, accents, and varieties of slang and of colloquial and regional expressions. Local variations in the formal written version of the language are quite limited, being restricted largely to the spelling differences between British and American English, along with a some minor differences in grammar and lexis.
IV. Conclusion
The phonology and phonetic are also important such as consonants, vowels, voicing and aspiration. The difference pronunciation is quite importance in English language cause there are more and more people to speak English in the world, but the dialects are not to avoid. So, the spelling correct is importance in English linguistic for all of us. They are a subject interesting for the students who follow English linguistic.
British and American English are the reference norms for English as spoken, written, and taught in the rest of the world. The main differences between American English and British English are the tone and rhythm. In the same root meaning of words, the subtle differences are also high.
A version of the language almost universally agreed upon by educated English speakers around the world is called formal written English. It takes virtually the same form regardless of where it is written, in contrast to spoken English, which differs significantly between dialects, accents, and varieties of slang and of colloquial and regional expressions. Local variations in the formal written version of the language are quite limited, being restricted largely to the spelling differences between British and American English, along with some minor differences in grammar and lexis.
British and American English are the reference norms for English as spoken, written, and taught in the rest of the world. The main differences between American English and British English are the tone and rhythm. In the same root meaning of words, the subtle differences are also high.
Youth culture
English is the language of youth culture worldwide. Young people from around the world who hear and sing the famous song in English often do not understand the meaning of the lyrics. The words break dance, rap music, bodybuilding, windsurfing and computer hacking are gradually overwhelmed by the young German slang.
The language of the information epoch is English. More than 80% of reserves of more than 100 million computers worldwide is English. 85% of all phone conversations are used internationally in English, as well as a great number of mails, telegraph and signal transmission cable. Program guide on the computer and software programs are commonly used in English.
German was a language of science. But today, more than 80% of the scientific records are first presented in English. Similarly, half of the technical and scientific works have been disseminated in English and are used in the fields of medicine, electronics and space technology.
In the field of international business
English in international business affects most areas in the European economy. English is almost too involved in most elements of business leadership.
In the media and communications
English dominates in the transportation and the media. In the field of tourism and community languages of international aviation, English plays a major role. Pilots, flight attendants and even the staff are English speaking control at international airports. Flags and light signals used in the maritime industry, but "if the vessel needs to transmit signals to each other with messages, they will find a common language and common English and then make sure will be the primary choice ", saying a guard at the coast of the United States, Werner Siems.
Five of the radio station known as CBS, NBC, ABC, BBC and CBC are 300 million people choose the radio the most popular English language. English language is also popular on the TV programs of satellite transmission.
English is the language of youth culture worldwide. Young people from around the world who hear and sing the famous song in English often do not understand the meaning of the lyrics. The words break dance, rap music, bodybuilding, windsurfing and computer hacking are gradually overwhelmed by the young German slang.
The language of the information epoch is English. More than 80% of reserves of more than 100 million computers worldwide is English. 85% of all phone conversations are used internationally in English, as well as a great number of mails, telegraph and signal transmission cable. Program guide on the computer and software programs are commonly used in English.
German was a language of science. But today, more than 80% of the scientific records are first presented in English. Similarly, half of the technical and scientific works have been disseminated in English and are used in the fields of medicine, electronics and space technology.
In the field of international business
English in international business affects most areas in the European economy. English is almost too involved in most elements of business leadership.
In the media and communications
English dominates in the transportation and the media. In the field of tourism and community languages of international aviation, English plays a major role. Pilots, flight attendants and even the staff are English speaking control at international airports. Flags and light signals used in the maritime industry, but "if the vessel needs to transmit signals to each other with messages, they will find a common language and common English and then make sure will be the primary choice ", saying a guard at the coast of the United States, Werner Siems.
Five of the radio station known as CBS, NBC, ABC, BBC and CBC are 300 million people choose the radio the most popular English language. English language is also popular on the TV programs of satellite transmission.
English use all over the world, but the dialects are not to avoid. British and American English are the reference norms for English as spoken, written, and taught in the rest of the world. For instance, the English-speaking members of the Commonwealth often closely follow British English forms while many new American English forms quickly become familiar outside of the United States. Although the dialects of English used in the former British Empire are often, to various extents, based on British English, most of the countries concerned have developed their own unique dialects, particularly with respect to pronunciation, idioms, and vocabulary, chief among them are Canadian English and Australian English, which rank third and fourth in number of native speakers.
Reference
Adrian Akmajian, Richard A. Demers, Ann K.Farmer and Robert M Harnish, 2001 Linguistics (an Introduction to Language and Communication), Massachusetts institute of Technology. Noam Chomsky 2009, Cartesian Linguistics, Cambridge New York United States.
Clement G N and M.Halle, The sound pattern of English 1968 New York .
Famer A K and R. A Demers, A linguistic work book, 2001, Cambridge .
Ladefoged P, A course in phonetic, 1994 New York .
Mackay I, Phonetic : The science of speech production , 1987 Boston .
Charles F Meyer, introduction English linguistic, 2009, Cambridge London .
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Cambridge University Press. http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/put-stick-your-oar-in, Retrieved 6 December 2010.
Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. 1989
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